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Updated: May 6, 2026

$Synthesis and Operation of Fluorescent-core Microcavities for Refractometric Sensing$

Synthesis and Operation of Fluorescent-core Microcavities for Refractometric Sensing

Published on: March 13, 2013

A highly sensitive refractometric sensor based on cascaded SiN microring resonators.

Vanessa Zamora¹, Peter Lützow, Martin Weiland

¹Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute, Einsteinufer 37, Berlin 10587, Germany. vanyzg81@gmail.com.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|October 31, 2013

Summary

This study presents a highly sensitive optical sensor using cascaded microring resonators. The silicon nitride sensor achieves ultra-high sensitivity for detecting chemical concentrations and refractive index changes.

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Last Updated: May 6, 2026

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Area of Science:

Photonics and Sensor Technology
Materials Science
Chemical Sensing

Background:

Optical sensors are crucial for real-time monitoring.
Microring resonators offer high sensitivity but can be limited.
The Vernier effect enhances sensitivity in resonator-based sensors.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize a novel optical sensor utilizing cascaded microring resonators.
To leverage the Vernier effect for ultra-high sensitivity measurements.
To demonstrate the sensor's capability for detecting chemical concentrations and refractive index variations.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a silicon nitride microring resonator chip.
Cascading two microring resonators with slightly different free spectral ranges.
Characterization using isopropanol/ethanol mixtures and aqueous sodium chloride solutions.
Analysis of sensitivity and limit of detection.

Main Results:

Achieved a sensitivity of 0.95 nm/% for isopropanol in ethanol.
Demonstrated a sensitivity of 10.3 nm/% for NaCl solutions.
Measured a bulk refractive index sensitivity of 6,317 nm/RIU.
Determined a limit of detection of 3.16 × 10⁻⁶ RIU.

Conclusions:

Cascaded silicon nitride microring resonators effectively exploit the Vernier effect for enhanced sensing.
The sensor shows significant potential for label-free, real-time biomolecule monitoring.
This technology is applicable to a broad range of sensing applications requiring high sensitivity.