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Does visual impairment affect mobility over time? The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study.

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Visually impaired individuals report more mobility difficulties than non-visually impaired individuals. However, the rate of mobility disability increase did not differ between groups over eight years.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Gerontology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mobility disability is a significant concern for aging populations.
  • Visual impairment is a known risk factor for mobility limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the rate of mobility disability increase between visually impaired (VI) and non-visually impaired (NVI) individuals over an 8-year period.
  • To determine if visually impaired individuals experience a steeper trajectory of mobility disability compared to their non-visually impaired counterparts.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 2520 participants from the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study.
  • Assessment of self-reported difficulty in walking tasks (10 steps up/down, 150 feet) at baseline, 2, 6, and 8 years.
  • Statistical analysis using generalized estimating equation models with interaction terms to compare mobility difficulty trajectories between VI and NVI groups.

Main Results:

  • At baseline, visually impaired individuals reported significantly higher odds of mobility difficulty across all assessed tasks.
  • The trajectory of mobility disability did not differ significantly between VI and NVI groups from baseline to the 6-year mark.
  • A decline in the difference in mobility difficulty was observed at the 8-year visit, potentially due to participant attrition.

Conclusions:

  • Visually impaired individuals are more likely to experience mobility disability compared to non-visually impaired individuals.
  • The rate of increase in mobility disability over the 8-year study period was similar between visually impaired and non-visually impaired groups.