Equation of state for a coarse-grained DPPC monolayer at the air/water interface

Pulmonary surfactant, a complex mixture of phospholipids and proteins, secreted by the type II epithelial cells in the lungs, is crucial to reducing the effort required for breathing. A lack of adequate amounts of pulmonary surfactant in underdeveloped lungs of premature infants results in infant respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) is the approved method of mitigating the effects of RDS. The development of new SRT regimens requires a fundamental understanding of the links between surfactant biochemistry and functionality. We use a coarse-grained (CG) model to predict the surface pressure-surface concentration relationship (equation of state) for pure DPPC, which is a major component of endogenous and synthetic pulmonary surfactant mixtures. We show that the model can be efficiently used to predict the equation of state in excellent agreement with experimental results. We also study the structure of the monolayer as a function of the surface tension of the system. We show that a decrease in the applied surface tension results in an increase in order in the head group region and a decrease in order in the tail region of DPPC. This technique may be useful in the prediction of equations of state for surfactant replacements.