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Subcellular Fractionation

Subcellular Fractionation

The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
Differential Centrifugation
Differential centrifugation is...

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.

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Updated: May 6, 2026

Cell Fractionation of U937 Cells by Isopycnic Density Gradient Purification

Cell Fractionation of U937 Cells by Isopycnic Density Gradient Purification

Published on: August 12, 2021

Cellular fractionation--mammalian cells.

Joerg von Hagen¹, Uwe Michelsen

¹Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.

Methods in Enzymology

|November 5, 2013

Summary

Subcellular fractionation is a key proteomics technique for isolating cellular components. This method reduces sample complexity, aiding the analysis of organelles and protein complexes using advanced mass spectrometry.

Keywords:

Cellular fractionation Determination of marker enzyme Identification of proteins Mammalian cells Protein translocation Subcellular mammalian cell fractionation

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Published on: July 23, 2010

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Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Cell Fractionation of U937 Cells by Isopycnic Density Gradient Purification

Cell Fractionation of U937 Cells by Isopycnic Density Gradient Purification

Published on: August 12, 2021

Cell Fractionation of U937 Cells in the Absence of High-speed Centrifugation

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Published on: January 18, 2019

In situ Subcellular Fractionation of Adherent and Non-adherent Mammalian Cells

In situ Subcellular Fractionation of Adherent and Non-adherent Mammalian Cells

Published on: July 23, 2010

Area of Science:

Proteomics
Cell Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Subcellular fractionation is a critical enrichment technique in proteomics.
Analyzing intracellular organelles and multiprotein complexes requires specialized methods.
Reducing sample complexity is essential for high-resolution analyses.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the importance of subcellular fractionation in proteomics.
To emphasize its role in analyzing specific cellular components.
To showcase its compatibility with various high-throughput techniques.

Main Methods:

Subcellular fractionation as a sample preparation strategy.
Integration with high-resolution 2-D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry.
Application alongside gel-independent proteomic techniques.

Main Results:

Demonstrates the flexibility and adjustability of subcellular fractionation.
Confirms its efficiency in reducing sample complexity.
Establishes its utility in conjunction with advanced analytical methods.

Conclusions:

Subcellular fractionation is an indispensable technique for in-depth proteomics.
It enables detailed investigation of subcellular structures and complexes.
Optimal results are achieved when combined with high-resolution analytical platforms.