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Y-balance test: a reliability study involving multiple raters.

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The Y-balance test (YBT) demonstrates good reliability for assessing military personnel, with over 30% showing balance asymmetry that may indicate higher injury risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • The Y-balance test (YBT) is a validated field test for predicting athletic injury risk.
  • Limited data exists on YBT reliability in diverse active adult populations, such as military personnel, especially with multiple, less experienced raters during mass screenings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the interrater and test-retest reliability of the Y-balance test (YBT) within a military training population.
  • To assess measurement error associated with YBT administration by multiple raters in this setting.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-four active duty service members participated in the study.
  • Interrater and test-retest reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for maximal and average reaches across three directions.
  • Standard error of measurement (SEM) was calculated for reach distances.

Main Results:

  • Good interrater test-retest reliability was found for maximal reach (ICC(2,1) = 0.80–0.85, SEM = 3.1–4.2 cm) and average reach (ICC(2,3) = 0.85–0.93, SEM = 2.0–3.5 cm).
  • A significant proportion of participants (31.3%) displayed an anterior reach asymmetry greater than 4 cm, indicating potential balance deficits.

Conclusions:

  • The Y-balance test (YBT) exhibits good interrater test-retest reliability and acceptable measurement error when administered by multiple raters to active duty service members.
  • The prevalence of anterior reach asymmetry suggests a potential increased risk for injury in this population, warranting further investigation.