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Related Experiment Video

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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition
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Brain systems underlying attentional control and emotional distraction during working memory encoding.

Maryam Ziaei1, Nathalie Peira2, Jonas Persson3

  • 1School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia.

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|November 5, 2013
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Summary

Directing attention to emotional stimuli during working memory (WM) encoding enhances performance. Brain imaging reveals specific neural networks involved in managing emotional distraction and attention.

Keywords:
AmygdalaBottom-upDefault-modeEmotionEmotional distractionFronto-parietalInterference controlSelective attentionTop-downWorking memoryfMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Effective goal-directed behavior necessitates cognitive processes shielded from emotional distractions.
  • Understanding the neural basis of filtering irrelevant emotional stimuli is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural and behavioral effects of instructed attention on emotional stimuli during working memory (WM) encoding.
  • To identify brain regions involved in attending to relevant emotional information while ignoring irrelevant stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to examine brain activity.
  • Participants engaged in an emotional working memory paradigm with instructed attention.
  • Behavioral measures included memory performance and reaction time.

Main Results:

  • Instructed attention to emotion improved WM performance (memory and reaction time) compared to passive viewing.
  • Recognition memory improved for positive stimuli with instructed attention.
  • fMRI identified a network including prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and insula involved in directed attention to emotional information.
  • Striatal and default-mode network regions showed differential activation during emotional versus neutral distraction.
  • Activation in some regions correlated with individual differences in WM and recognition memory.

Conclusions:

  • Instructed attention to emotional stimuli enhances cognitive control during WM encoding.
  • Specific neural networks support the regulation of emotional distraction.
  • Individual differences in neural activation relate to working memory and recognition memory capabilities.