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Cyclosporine.

S E Thomas, D S Gordon

    Southern Medical Journal
    |February 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cyclosporine, an immunosuppressive drug, inhibits T-lymphocytes for organ transplant success. While effective, it requires careful monitoring due to potential side effects like kidney and liver toxicity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Pharmacology
    • Transplantation Medicine

    Background:

    • Cyclosporine is a fungal metabolite widely used as an immunosuppressive agent.
    • It functions by reversibly inhibiting T-lymphocytes, crucial for immune responses.
    • This mechanism avoids myelotoxicity, distinguishing it from other immunosuppressants.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the properties and applications of cyclosporine in organ transplantation.
    • To highlight its mechanism of action and pharmacokinetic profile.
    • To discuss its therapeutic index and associated toxicities.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of cyclosporine's use in transplantation.
    • Analysis of its mechanism of immunosuppression and T-lymphocyte inhibition.

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  • Examination of pharmacokinetic data, including metabolism and monitoring techniques.

    • Main Results:

    • Cyclosporine inhibits T-lymphocyte activation and lymphokine production.
    • It distributes widely in tissues and is primarily metabolized by the liver.
    • Monitoring of serum trough levels is common for dose adjustment.
    • Successful use in renal, cardiac, liver, bone marrow, and pancreatic transplants is documented.

    Conclusions:

    • Cyclosporine is a vital immunosuppressant in organ transplantation.
    • Its narrow therapeutic index necessitates vigilant monitoring for nephrotoxicity, hypertension, and hepatotoxicity.
    • Cyclosporine also exhibits antischistosomal and antimalarial properties.