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Perspective: a systems approach to diabetes research.

Martin Kussmann1, Melissa J Morine, Jörg Hager

  • 1Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA Lausanne, Switzerland ; Faculty of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne, Switzerland ; Faculty of Science, Aarhus University Aarhus, Denmark.

Frontiers in Genetics
|November 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Understanding type 2 diabetes (T2DM) requires a systems biology approach. Integrating multiple omics technologies in longitudinal studies offers a comprehensive view of T2DM sub-phenotypes and gene-environment interactions for better prevention and treatment.

Keywords:
genomicsmetabonomicsnutritionpreventionproteomicssystems biologytype 2 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Intervention
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disease arising from complex gene-environment interactions.
  • Current studies often use limited omics technologies, inadequately characterizing T2DM sub-phenotypes and their origins.
  • Understanding the intricate interplay of factors contributing to T2DM remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a systems biology approach for a comprehensive understanding of T2DM.
  • To address the limitations of current research designs in characterizing T2DM complexity.
  • To advance the knowledge on the origin, onset, development, prevention, and treatment of T2DM.

Main Methods:

  • Implementing novel longitudinal study designs where subjects serve as their own controls.
  • Integrating multiple omics technologies (genomics, metabolomics, etc.) within a systems omics framework.
  • Analyzing biological data in context across different time points and after controlled challenges.

Main Results:

  • The proposed systems biology approach enables a holistic analysis of T2DM.
  • Longitudinal studies with integrated omics provide a deeper understanding of T2DM sub-phenotypes.
  • This approach facilitates the characterization of gene-environment interactions crucial for T2DM.

Conclusions:

  • A systems biology strategy, utilizing longitudinal studies and integrated omics, is essential for advancing T2DM research.
  • This approach moves beyond single-omic analyses to capture the complexity of T2DM.
  • The 'systems omics' framework offers a pathway to improved T2DM prevention and treatment strategies.