Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 6, 2026

Measurement of Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Rats Using Right Heart Catheterization
Published on: December 16, 2025
The pulmonary artery catheter: a critical reappraisal
Umesh K Gidwani1, Bibhu Mohanty, Kanu Chatterjee
1Cardiac Critical Care, Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Cardiology, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Abstract:
Balloon floatation pulmonary artery catheters (PACs) have been used for hemodynamic monitoring in cardiac, medical, and surgical intensive care units since the 1970s. With the availability of newer noninvasive diagnostic modalities, particularly echocardiography, the frequency of diagnostic pulmonary artery catheterization has declined. In this review, the evolution of PACs, the results of nonrandomized and randomized studies in various clinical conditions, the uses and abuses of bedside hemodynamic monitoring, and current indications for pulmonary artery catheterization are discussed.
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