Spatial association between ambient fine particulate matter and incident hypertension
Hong Chen1, Richard T Burnett, Jeffrey C Kwong
1From Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (H.C., J.C.K., R.C.); Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (H.C., J.C.K., P.J.V., R.C.); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (H.C., J.C.K., A.K.); Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (R.T.B.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J.C.K.); Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (P.J.V.); Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.S.G.); Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.S.G.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (R.D.B.); Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (A.v.D., R.V.M.); Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley (M.J.); Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA (R.V.M.); and Air Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J.R.B.).
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is linked to new cases of hypertension. This population study found a significant association between higher PM2.5 levels and increased hypertension risk.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Epidemiology
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
Background:
- Laboratory studies suggest fine particulate matter (PM2.5) may induce hypertension.
- Epidemiological evidence linking PM2.5 exposure to hypertension is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between ambient PM2.5 exposure and the incidence of hypertension in a large population-based cohort.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 35,303 nonhypertensive adults in Ontario, Canada, was followed from 1996-2010.
- Long-term PM2.5 exposure was estimated using satellite data.
- Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for individual and contextual risk factors were used.
Main Results:
- 8,649 incident cases of hypertension were identified during the follow-up period.
- A 10-µg/m³ increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 13% increased hazard of incident hypertension (HR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.05-1.22).
- Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the observed association.
Conclusions:
- This population-based study provides evidence supporting an association between PM2.5 exposure and the development of hypertension.
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