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A fully implantable pacemaker for the mouse: from battery to wireless power
Jacob I Laughner1, Scott B Marrus, Erik R Zellmer
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
Plos One
|November 7, 2013
Summary
A new wireless-powered pacemaker for mice enables long-term cardiac pacing, overcoming limitations of traditional battery devices. This innovation facilitates advanced cardiovascular research in genetically engineered mouse models.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Animal Models
Background:
- Large animal models are valuable for cardiovascular research but limit molecular and genetic studies.
- Mice are ideal for genetic studies but lack suitable chronic pacing devices.
- Existing pacemakers are too large for effective chronic implantation in mice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design and evaluate a novel, fully implantable wireless-powered pacemaker for mice.
- To compare the performance and survival rates of wireless versus traditional battery-powered pacemakers in mice.
- To enable long-term electrophysiology studies and heart failure models in mice.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of both battery-powered and wireless-powered pacemakers using standard electronic components.
- Implantation of devices in mice (n=24): 14 with battery-powered and 10 with wireless-powered pacemakers.
- Assessment of device function, survival rates, and pacing duration over 30 days.
Main Results:
- Wireless-powered pacemakers demonstrated significantly reduced implant mortality (10% vs 57.1%).
- Device function duration was markedly improved with wireless power (30 days vs 6 days).
- Wireless devices offered more reliable function compared to battery-powered counterparts.
Conclusions:
- The novel wireless-powered pacemaker is a viable tool for long-term cardiac pacing in mice.
- This technology overcomes previous limitations, enabling advanced cardiovascular research in mouse models.
- Facilitates studies on genetically engineered mice, pacing-induced heart failure, and atrial arrhythmias.
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