Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

48.1K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
48.1K
Encoding01:19

Encoding

1.1K
Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
1.1K
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

1.5K
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
1.5K
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

1.3K
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
1.3K
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

41.1K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
41.1K
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

7.2K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
7.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Differential genioglossus muscle responses to changes in breathing route in awake people with and without obstructive sleep apnea.

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)·2026
Same author

Effect of Water Flow on Bond Strength of Zirconia to Tooth Structure.

Operative dentistry·2025
Same author

The influence of thermal and hypoxia induced habitat compression on walleye (Sander vitreus) movements in a temperate lake.

Movement ecology·2025
Same author

Pressure and cold pain threshold reference values in a pain-free older adult population.

British journal of pain·2024
Same author

The Effectiveness of Preventative Interventions to Reduce Mental Health Problems in at-risk Children and Young People: A Systematic Review of Reviews.

Journal of prevention (2022)·2024
Same author

Practitioner perspectives on the nature, causes and the impact of poor mental health and emotional wellbeing on children and young people in contact with children's social care: A qualitative study.

Child abuse & neglect·2024
Same journal

Cognitive Individual Differences in Multilingualism: Language Aptitude and Working Memory in L3 Learners.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
Same journal

Grasp Motor Representations Facilitate Conceptual Preparation in Speech Production.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
Same journal

The Lexical Tone Partially Depends on Segments: Evidence from Visual-World Eye Tracking.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
Same journal

Unearthing Perfectionism and L2 Speaking Performance among Iranian EFL Learners: The Moderating Role of Cultural Collectivism.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
Same journal

Child Bilingual Acquisition of Spanish Dative (Non-)clitic Doubling Structures: A Case Study Approach to Home and Community Input Conditions.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
Same journal

Using Eye Tracking to Examine Effects of Overt Localization on Referential Processing in German Sign Language Sentence Processing.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

3.0K

The comprehension of rate-incremented aural coding.

M S Miron1, E Brown

  • 1Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York.

Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
|November 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing speech efficiency to 400 words per minute (wpm) is possible by reducing speech pause time. This study explores natural and artificial speech distortions for enhanced listening comprehension and rate.

More Related Videos

A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons
07:13

A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons

Published on: November 9, 2018

10.6K
Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach
10:50

Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach

Published on: June 6, 2012

15.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

3.0K
A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons
07:13

A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons

Published on: November 9, 2018

10.6K
Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach
10:50

Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach

Published on: June 6, 2012

15.0K

Area of Science:

  • Speech processing
  • Auditory perception
  • Human-computer interaction

Background:

  • Previous research focused on optimizing aural coding efficiency.
  • Understanding the impact of speech signal modifications on perception is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methods for enhancing listening efficiency beyond previously reported levels.
  • To determine the effects of simultaneous natural and artificial speech distortions on comprehension and perceived rate.

Main Methods:

  • A battery of 36 rate-manipulated speech versions were created.
  • Stimulus and psychological measures were used to assess listening efficiency.
  • Speech pause time, total duration, and talker rate were manipulated.

Main Results:

  • Peak listening efficiency reached 400 words per minute (wpm).
  • Selective reduction of speech pause time was the primary factor in achieving peak efficiency.
  • Regression models were developed to predict the influence of various speech parameters on listener judgments.

Conclusions:

  • Simultaneous application of natural and artificial speech distortions can optimize aural coding efficiency.
  • Reduced speech pause time significantly enhances listening speed and comprehension.
  • Findings have implications for developing advanced listening strategies and understanding speech apperception.