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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Menopause01:28

Menopause

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Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Human Vastus Lateralis Skeletal Muscle Biopsy Using the Weil-Blakesley Conchotome
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Muscle-Bone Interactions Across age in Men.

Ian J Palmer1, Eric D Runnels, Michael G Bemben

  • 1Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma , Norman, OK, USA.

Journal of Sports Science & Medicine
|November 8, 2013
PubMed
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Maintaining muscle mass and strength is crucial for bone health in aging men. Leg strength and lean body mass predict bone mineral density, independent of age, reducing osteoporosis risk.

Keywords:
Lean body massbone densitymuscle strengthosteopeniaosteoporosis

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is a significant health concern for aging men.
  • Bone mineral density (BMD) declines with age, increasing fracture risk.
  • The relationship between muscle mass, strength, and BMD in men across the lifespan requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between muscular strength, lean tissue mass, and age-related bone mineral density (BMD) patterns in men.
  • To identify predictors of BMD in different age groups of men.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 72 men aged 20-81, divided into young, middle-aged, and older groups.
  • Assessed isotonic and isokinetic muscle strength (quadriceps, hamstrings) and body composition (DXA).
  • Measured BMD at the spine, hip, and total body.

Main Results:

  • Older men exhibited significantly lower lean body mass and BMD at hip sites compared to younger groups.
  • Muscular strength and leg lean mass were positively correlated with hip BMD.
  • Age and lean mass were significant predictors of hip and spine BMD; leg strength predicted total body and hip BMD.

Conclusions:

  • Leg strength, leg lean mass, and total lean body mass are significant predictors of BMD in men, irrespective of age.
  • Maintaining muscle mass and strength is vital for preserving bone health and reducing osteoporosis risk in aging men.