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Nuclear lncRNAs as epigenetic regulators-beyond skepticism.
Shinichi Nakagawa1, Yuji Kageyama2
1RNA Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|November 9, 2013
Summary
Pervasive transcription produces many noncoding RNAs. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the nucleus may regulate gene expression through epigenetic modifications like histone or DNA changes.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Molecular Biology
- Epigenetics
Background:
- Systematic transcriptome analysis reveals pervasive transcription across the mammalian genome.
- Over half of transcribed RNAs are noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), with unclear physiological roles.
- Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a major class of ncRNAs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the recent advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs.
- To highlight the proposed role of lncRNAs in gene expression regulation.
- To discuss the involvement of lncRNAs in epigenetic regulation.
Main Methods:
- This review summarizes existing literature and research findings.
- Focuses on studies investigating lncRNA function in the nucleus.
- Integrates findings related to chromatin and epigenetic regulation.
Main Results:
- A significant portion of the genome is transcribed into various RNA molecules.
- Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their regulatory functions.
- lncRNAs are proposed to regulate gene expression epigenetically via DNA or histone modification.
Conclusions:
- Long noncoding RNAs play crucial roles in regulating gene expression at the transcriptional level.
- Epigenetic modifications, including DNA and histone alterations, are key mechanisms mediated by lncRNAs.
- Further research into lncRNA mechanisms is vital for understanding gene regulation and development.
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