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Related Concept Videos

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Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior

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Automatic processing refers to the cognitive operations that occur without conscious intent or awareness, playing a fundamental role in shaping social cognition and behavior. These processes enable individuals to navigate complex social environments efficiently by relying on mental shortcuts and pre-existing knowledge structures known as schemas. One of the most influential mechanisms underlying automatic processing is priming, which subtly activates mental representations through exposure to...
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First impressions play a crucial role in social perception, shaping how individuals assess others in professional, academic, and interpersonal contexts. Psychological research highlights the significance of cognitive biases, such as the primacy and recency effects, which influence how people interpret and recall information.The Primacy Effect and Cognitive AnchoringThe primacy effect describes the tendency for initial information to impact judgment disproportionately. When individuals encounter...
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Related Experiment Videos

Negative priming is not task bound: A consistent pattern across naming and categorization tasks.

D L Chiappe1, C M Macleod

  • 1Division of Life Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough Campus, M1C 1A4, Scarborough, ON, Canada, danilo@psych.utoronto.ca.

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|November 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Negative priming, a response slowdown to previously ignored words, occurs across different tasks for identical words. However, it does not happen for semantically related words when only category determines the relation.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Experimental Psychology

Background:

  • Negative priming is a cognitive phenomenon where reaction times slow for previously ignored stimuli.
  • Previous research typically used identical tasks for prime and probe trials, leaving the task-dependency of negative priming unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether negative priming is task-bound.
  • To examine if negative priming effects differ when tasks change between prime and probe trials.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were assigned to one of four conditions, manipulating task type (naming vs. categorization) across prime and probe trials: name-name, name-categorize, categorize-name, and categorize-categorize.
  • Reaction times were measured for responses to target words.

Main Results:

  • Equivalent negative priming (approximately 22 msec) was observed for identical words, regardless of whether the task remained the same or changed between prime and probe trials.
  • No negative priming effect was found for semantically related words when the semantic relation was based solely on category membership.

Conclusions:

  • Negative priming for identical words is not task-specific and can generalize across different cognitive tasks.
  • Semantic negative priming, at least for words related only by category, does not appear to occur in this experimental paradigm.