Are two heads better than one? Comparing dyad and self-regulated learning in simulation training

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Simulation-Based Training
• Motor Learning

Background:

• The optimal learner-to-simulator ratio for procedural skills training remains undetermined.
• Motor learning principles suggest dyad training may be as effective as directed self-regulated learning (DSRL).

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the effectiveness and efficiency of dyad versus DSRL for simulation-based lumbar puncture (LP) training.
• To evaluate skill acquisition and retention in internal medicine residents.

Main Methods:

• A two-group randomized equivalence trial involving 50 first-year internal medicine residents.
• Participants were assigned to either dyad or DSRL training for simulated LP, with performance assessed via pre-test, post-test, and 6-week retention tests.
• Blinded raters evaluated performances using a global rating scale and a checklist.

Main Results:

• No significant differences in Global Rating Scale (GRS) scores were found between dyad and DSRL groups at any test point.
• Both groups demonstrated significant improvement from pre-test to post-test and retained skills at 6 weeks.
• Dyad participants showed significantly greater pre-test to post-test gains (p=0.02), with no difference in total practice time.

Conclusions:

• Dyad training is as effective as independent DSRL for learning simulation-based lumbar puncture.
• Dyad training enhances simulator efficiency, as two learners utilize the same resources as one individual.