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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
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The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
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Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

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Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins...
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Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

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Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component...
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The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
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Endocranial lesions.

Surjith Vattoth1, Roger Steven DeLappe, Philip R Chapman

  • 1Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

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|November 13, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers endocranial lesions of the central skull base, focusing on pituitary macroadenomas and meningiomas. It highlights key imaging features for diagnosing these bone-affecting pathologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The central skull base is closely associated with vital intracranial structures.
  • Pathologies in these structures can manifest as abnormalities on the endocranial surface and bone changes.
  • Differentiating large invasive lesions from intrinsic bone lesions can be challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review endocranial lesions affecting the central skull base.
  • To highlight imaging features of specific lesions like pituitary macroadenomas and meningiomas.
  • To provide a practical diagnostic approach based on imaging findings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of relevant literature on central skull base pathologies.
  • Analysis of imaging characteristics of common endocranial lesions.
  • Correlation of imaging findings with pathological changes.

Main Results:

  • Endocranial lesions can cause hyperostosis, scalloping, erosion, or destruction of the skull base bone.
  • Giant or invasive pituitary macroadenomas and skull base meningiomas are common examples.
  • Distinct imaging features aid in differentiating these lesions.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the imaging features of endocranial lesions is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • A systematic approach to imaging interpretation facilitates differentiation of pathologies.
  • This review provides a framework for diagnosing central skull base lesions.