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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Metallic Solids02:37

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

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Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
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Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
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Structures of Solids02:22

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
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Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
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Short range order in liquid pnictides.

M Mayo1, E Yahel, Y Greenberg

  • 1Materials Engineering Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|November 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Liquid pnictides exhibit unusual properties explained by a quasi-crystalline model. The Peierls effect influences their structure, surprisingly increasing with temperature and showing negative thermal expansion.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Liquid pnictides display anomalous physical properties and complex radial distribution functions.
  • Understanding their three-dimensional structure is crucial for materials science applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To interpret the three-dimensional structure of liquid pnictides using a quasi-crystalline model.
  • To investigate the influence of thermodynamic parameters on liquid pnictide structure.

Main Methods:

  • Application of the quasi-crystalline model to liquid pnictide structure.
  • Analysis of the Peierls distortion and its dependence on temperature and pressure.

Main Results:

  • Column V elements in liquid form show short-range order similar to the A7 solid structure.
  • The Peierls effect increases with temperature, contrary to typical behavior.
  • Nearest neighbor distances exhibit negative thermal expansion.

Conclusions:

  • The quasi-crystalline model successfully interprets liquid pnictide structure and its thermodynamic dependencies.
  • The Peierls distortion is a key factor in understanding the unique properties of liquid pnictides.
  • Observed negative thermal expansion highlights the complex behavior of these materials.