The effect of carrier type on bone regeneration of demineralized bone matrix in vivo
Shima Tavakol1, Ahad Khoshzaban, Mahmoud Azami
1From the *Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, †Iranian Tissue Bank Research and Preparation Center, ‡Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, §Department of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran; ∥Islamic Azad University of Naragh, Naragh, Iran; ¶Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, #Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS); and **Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is a bone substitute biomaterial used as an excellent grafting material. Some factors such as carrier type might affect the healing potential of this material. The background data discuss the present status of the field: Albumin as a main protein in blood and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were applied frequently in the DBM gels. We investigated the bone-repairing properties of 2 DBMs with different carriers. Bone regeneration in 3 groups of rat calvaria treated with DBM from the Iranian Tissue Bank Research and Preparation Center, DBM from Hans Biomed Corporation, and an empty cavity was studied. Albumin and CMC as carriers were used. The results of bone regeneration in the samples after 1, 4, and 8 weeks of implantation were compared. The block of the histologic samples was stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and the percentage area of bone formation was calculated using the histomorphometry method. The results of in vivo tests showed a significantly stronger new regenerated bone occupation in the DBM with albumin carrier compared with the one with CMC 8 weeks after the implantation. The 2 types of DBM had a significant difference in bone regeneration. This difference is attributed to the type of carriers. Albumin could improve mineralization and bioactivity compared with CMC.
