Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 6, 2026
06:27
An Olfactory Preference Test for Measuring Olfactory Hedonic Biases in Mouse Models of Depression
Published on: July 11, 2025
1.2K
[Dysosmia : current aspects of diagnostics and therapy]
M Kühn1, N Abolmaali, M Smitka
1Interdisziplinäres Zentrum Riechen & Schmecken, Klinik und Poliklinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland, mikuehn@gmx.de.
HNO
|November 14, 2013
Summary
Olfactory dysfunction, common in the elderly, has various causes including sinonasal issues and neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's. Diagnosis involves ENT exams, olfactory tests, and MRI, with treatments tailored to the cause.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Neurology
Context:
- Olfactory dysfunction is a prevalent condition, particularly affecting the elderly population.
- It is frequently associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
- Causes are broadly categorized into sinunasal, traumatic, and non-sinunasal origins.
Purpose:
- To outline the common causes and diagnostic approaches for olfactory dysfunction.
- To highlight the role of various medical specialties in managing smell disorders.
- To emphasize the importance of tailored therapeutic strategies based on etiology.
Summary:
- Olfactory dysfunction has diverse causes, including sinonasal problems and neurodegenerative conditions.
- Diagnostic methods include thorough medical history, ear nose and throat (ENT) examinations with nasal endoscopy, olfactory testing (e.g., 'sniffin' sticks'), and advanced imaging like MRI.
- Treatment options vary depending on the cause, encompassing olfactory training, anti-inflammatory drugs, surgical interventions, and neurosurgical considerations for intracranial causes.
Impact:
- Improved diagnostic accuracy for olfactory dysfunction through a multimodal approach.
- Enhanced understanding of the link between olfactory disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
- Development of targeted treatments for smell impairment, improving patient prognosis and quality of life.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Taste Buds and Receptors
5.6K
Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
5.6K
01:03Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure
10.6K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
10.6K
01:25Olfaction
40.5K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
40.5K
01:20Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway
13.2K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
The olfactory...
13.2K
01:17Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology ll
69
This lesson explores key terms that describe how diseases progress, their outcomes, and their distribution in populations.Diagnostic tests identify diseases and monitor treatment. These include blood and urine tests, biopsies, imaging (X-ray, MRI), and detection of infectious agents.Remission is a reduction or disappearance of symptoms.Exacerbation refers to the worsening of symptoms, such as increased wheezing during an asthma attack.A precipitating factor triggers an acute episode, while a...
69
01:27Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies
3.4K
Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
Medical History
3.4K