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Selection strategies for developing smooth bromegrass cell wall ideotypes.

M D Casler1, J A Carpenter, J R Attewell

  • 1Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706-1597, Madison, WI, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selecting for improved forage quality in smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) requires careful consideration of cell wall constituents. Multiple-trait selection focusing on increased hemicellulose shows the most promise for achieving desired forage quality goals.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Breeding
  • Agronomy
  • Forage Science

Background:

  • Smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) is a key forage crop.
  • Optimizing forage quality involves modifying cell wall constituents.
  • Previous selection strategies may not have fully addressed complex quality traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate expected genetic gains for forage yield and cell wall constituents in smooth bromegrass.
  • To compare single-trait and multiple-trait restricted selection methods.
  • To assess the effectiveness of selection strategies against defined quality improvement models.

Main Methods:

  • Tested 80 families of smooth bromegrass across three environments.
  • Computed expected progress for single-trait and multiple-trait restricted selection.
  • Compared expected gains with desired quality models (Model I, II, III) and phenotypic selection results.

Main Results:

  • Single-trait selection for high hemicellulose (first harvest) or low cellulose (second harvest) showed best response for Model I.
  • Selection for low cellulose may negatively impact forage yield.
  • Multiple-trait restricted selection, emphasizing increased hemicellulose, proved more effective and directed gains favorably.
  • Second harvest selection offered similar results to first harvest, with enhanced forage yield gains.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple-trait restricted selection is superior for improving smooth bromegrass forage quality.
  • Targeting increased hemicellulose is a viable strategy for Model I quality improvements.
  • Developing smooth bromegrass for Models II or III presents challenges due to negative correlations in cell wall concentrations between harvests.