Coinhibition of viral interferon induction by benzo[a]pyrene and chrysotile asbestos

Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and its noncarcinogenic analog, benzo[e]pyrene (B[e]P), each in combination with chrysotile, were studied for their inhibitory effects on interferon (IFN) induction by influenza virus in rhesus monkey kidney (LLC-MK2) cell monolayers. B[a]P alone had no adverse effect on IFN induction; however, from 60 to 70% inhibition of IFN production occurred when B[a]P was enzymatically activated by rat liver S9. Chrysotile's inhibitory effect on the IFN process was similar in magnitude to that of activated B[a]P. The combination of activated B[a]P with chrysotile resulted in coinhibition of IFN induction which significantly exceeded (P less than 0.05) the inhibitory activity of the reagents tested alone or in other combinations. B[e]P alone or with S9 neither affected IFN induction nor was it capable of further enhancing chrysotile's inhibition of IFN synthesis. These findings provide further evidence of enhanced deleterious action by the combination of asbestos and activated B[a]P on a biological defense mechanism and further support the discriminatory power and credibility of the inhibition IFN induction assay for evaluating potential carcinogens.