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Updated: May 5, 2026
Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma mRCC in Mice Following Nephrectomy
Published on: April 29, 2014
New agents in renal cell carcinoma
Raetasha Dabney1, Ryan Devine, Nancy Sein
1Hematology/Oncology Department, San Antonio Military Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Drive, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA, Raetasha.s.dabney.mil@mail.mil.
Abstract:
Prior to 2005, the treatment options for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) were limited. There has been a proliferation of agents since the introduction of sorafenib, sunitinib, and becavicumab for clinical use in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Recently, four new agents have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in mRCC. These agents come from two unique targeted pathways for RCC, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. This review examines the investigational evolution, phases of development, adverse event profiles, and future directions of pazopanib, axitinib, everolimus, and temsirolimus as well as new novel agents being explored in clinical trials for these targeted pathways.
Insights
Treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has advanced significantly since 2005. New targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and mTOR inhibitors, offer improved options for advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Medical Research
Background:
- Limited treatment options existed for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) before 2005.
- The introduction of targeted agents like sorafenib and sunitinib marked a turning point in advanced renal cell carcinoma treatment.
- Recent FDA approvals have expanded the therapeutic landscape for mRCC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolution and development of new targeted agents for mRCC.
- To examine the adverse event profiles of pazopanib, axitinib, everolimus, and temsirolimus.
- To discuss future directions and novel agents in clinical trials for mRCC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of investigational agents for mRCC.
- Analysis of clinical trial data for targeted therapies.
- Examination of FDA-approved agents and their pathways.
Main Results:
- Significant proliferation of targeted agents since 2005, focusing on VEGF-TKIs and mTOR inhibitors.
- Four new agents approved by the FDA for mRCC treatment.
- Ongoing exploration of novel agents in clinical trials for these targeted pathways.
Conclusions:
- The treatment paradigm for mRCC has dramatically shifted towards targeted therapies.
- Understanding the efficacy, safety, and future potential of these agents is crucial for patient care.
- Continued research into novel agents promises further advancements in mRCC management.
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