Evolution of air pollution in Oporto area

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Atmospheric Chemistry
• Urban Planning

Background:

• Pollution data analysis informed network remodelation and air quality evolution estimation since 1968 in Oporto.
• Major pollution sources identified include motor traffic, an oil refinery, and a petrochemical complex.
• While strong acidity levels are generally low, black smoke concentrations are comparable to other European cities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze historical pollution data to understand air quality trends in Oporto.
• To propose a network remodelation based on pollution analysis.
• To identify key pollutants and sources affecting Oporto's air quality.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of historical pollution data to estimate air quality evolution.
• Identification of primary pollution sources in the Oporto area.
• Assessment of current monitoring network's reliability and limitations.

Main Results:

• Air quality evolution since 1968 has been estimated based on pollution data analysis.
• Motor traffic, oil refinery, and petrochemical complex are significant pollution contributors.
• Black smoke concentrations are similar to those in other European cities, though acidity levels are generally low.

Conclusions:

• The current air quality monitoring network in Oporto requires expansion.
• New stations should be installed in older commercial areas to measure sulfur dioxide, black smoke, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, lead, and ozone.
• Additional monitoring for sulfur dioxide and black smoke is recommended in six more metropolitan Oporto areas.