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Exercise-heat acclimation in young and older trained cyclists.

Stuart Best1, Martin Thompson1, Corinne Caillaud1

  • 1Exercise Health and Performance Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia.

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Summary

Age does not impact the body's ability to acclimatize to exercise-heat stress in highly trained adults. Both young and older individuals show similar improvements in body temperature and sweat loss after heat acclimation.

Keywords:
AcclimatisationAgeingThermoregulation

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Environmental Physiology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Heat acclimation improves physiological responses to exercise in hot environments.
  • Understanding age-related differences in heat acclimation is crucial for optimizing training and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of age on the capacity to acclimatize to exercise-heat stress.
  • To test the hypothesis that age does not affect body temperature and heat loss responses during short-term exercise-heat acclimation in trained individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Seven young (19-32 years) and seven older (50-63 years) highly trained subjects were studied.
  • Subjects underwent exercise testing (60 min at 70%VO2max) in hot-dry and thermoneutral conditions before and after 6 days of exercise-heat acclimation.
  • Measurements included rectal temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, cutaneous vascular conductance, and whole body sweat loss.

Main Results:

  • Body temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, cutaneous vascular conductance, and sweat loss were similar between age groups pre- and post-acclimation.
  • Both young and older groups showed similar relative decreases in rectal temperature and increases in sweat loss after heat acclimation.
  • Younger subjects exhibited significant reductions in heart rate and increases in cutaneous vascular conductance post-acclimation, which were not observed in older subjects.

Conclusions:

  • Age does not alter the capacity for acclimatization of body temperature or sweat loss to exercise-heat stress in highly trained adults.
  • Cardiovascular adaptations to short-term exercise-heat acclimation differ between young and older trained individuals.
  • These findings suggest that while cardiovascular responses vary, the fundamental physiological adjustments for heat tolerance are preserved with age in trained populations.