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Application of Membrane and Cell Wall Selective Fluorescent Dyes for Live-Cell Imaging of Filamentous Fungi
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Cell wall-lytic activity in Chlorella fusca.

E Loos1, D Meindl

  • 1Institut für Botanik der Universität, Universitätsstrasse 31, D-8400, Regensburg, Germany.

Planta
|November 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Chlorella fusca cell wall lysis involves carbohydrate-lyzing enzymes that release monosaccharides. Daughter cells rapidly metabolize these released sugars, indicating an energy-dependent process for growth.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Chlorella fusca cell wall composition and lysis mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • Understanding cell wall degradation is crucial for algal life cycle studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the carbohydrate-lyzing activities involved in Chlorella fusca cell wall hydrolysis.
  • To characterize the enzymes responsible for cell wall degradation and the products released.

Main Methods:

  • Assaying carbohydrate-lyzing activities using isolated cell walls and specific substrates (β-1,4-mannan, carboxymethyl cellulose).
  • Partial purification of lytic activities via ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration.
  • Analysis of released carbohydrates in vitro and in vivo using chemical methods.

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Main Results:

  • Enzyme activity increased before daughter cell release, with identified enzymes having molecular weights of 27,000, 36,000, and ≥70,000.
  • In vitro lysis released up to 70% monosaccharides (mannose, glucose) from cell walls.
  • In vivo lysis primarily released polymeric material, but monosaccharides dominated when cells were metabolically poisoned.

Conclusions:

  • Cell wall lysis in Chlorella fusca primarily yields monosaccharides, mainly mannose and glucose.
  • These monosaccharides are likely rapidly absorbed and metabolized by daughter cells in an energy-dependent manner.
  • This process is critical for providing energy and building blocks for developing daughter cells.