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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
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Asthma I: Introduction01:28

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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

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Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
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A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice
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Measuring and imaging small airways dysfunction in asthma.

Francis Thien1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Eastern Health and Monash University, Box Hill Hospital, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia.

Asia Pacific Allergy
|November 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small airways dysfunction, not detected by standard spirometry, is key in asthma. New physiological and imaging methods reveal ventilation heterogeneity as a vital marker for asthma activity and treatment development.

Keywords:
AsthmaForced oscillation techniqueHyperpolarised gas lung imagingMultibreath nitrogen washoutSmall airwaysXenon computed tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disorder diagnosed by variable airflow obstruction.
  • Standard spirometry does not assess small airway dysfunction, crucial in asthma pathogenesis.
  • Small airway pathology significantly impacts asthma's natural history.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of small airways dysfunction in asthma.
  • To emphasize ventilation heterogeneity as an asthma marker.
  • To explore advanced imaging techniques in asthma research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing forced oscillation and multibreath nitrogen washout techniques.
  • Investigating ventilation heterogeneity in asthma patients.
  • Leveraging hyperpolarized gas magnetic resonance imaging.

Main Results:

  • Small airways dysfunction is implicated in asthma pathogenesis.
  • Ventilation heterogeneity is a marker of asthma disease activity, even with normal spirometry.
  • Advanced imaging provides insights into ventilation heterogeneity dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Small airways dysfunction and ventilation heterogeneity are critical in asthma.
  • New physiological and imaging methods offer deeper understanding.
  • Integrating these insights may lead to novel asthma treatments.