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Related Concept Videos

Attitudes01:54

Attitudes

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Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. We have attitudes for many things ranging from products that we might pick up in the supermarket to people around the world to political policies. Typically, attitudes are favorable or unfavorable: positive or negative (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). And, they have three components: an affective component (feelings), a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior), and a cognitive component (belief and knowledge;...
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According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
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Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

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Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
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Empathy02:34

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Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor. 
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Social Loafing01:37

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Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated,...
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Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Observational Fear as a Model of Affective Empathy in Mice
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[Apathy].

Ryuta Fukunaga1, Noboru Fujise, Manabu Ikeda

  • 1Yatsushiro Kousei Hospital.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|November 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Apathy is a condition characterized by indifference and lack of motivation, often seen in neurological disorders. Distinguishing apathy from depression is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry

Context:

  • Apathy presents as spontaneous, indifferent behavior with diminished motor and affective drive.
  • It is linked to disruptions in frontosubcortical pathways, including anterior cingulate and bithalamic lesions.
  • Apathy is frequently observed in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, post-stroke, and frontotemporal dementia.

Purpose:

  • To define apathy and its neurological underpinnings.
  • To highlight the association of apathy with specific neurological diseases.
  • To emphasize the clinical importance of differentiating apathy from depression.

Summary:

  • Apathy is characterized by a loss of motivation and emotional responsiveness.
  • Neuropathological findings indicate disruptions in frontosubcortical circuits.

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  • Clinical observations frequently link apathy to Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and frontotemporal dementia.

    • Impact:

    • Understanding apathy's neurobiological basis can inform diagnostic approaches.
    • Differentiating apathy from depression is critical for guiding therapeutic interventions.
    • This distinction impacts patient management and treatment planning in neurological and psychiatric care.