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Related Concept Videos

Portal Hypertension01:22

Portal Hypertension

57
Portal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure within the portal venous system. Normally, this pressure is less than 5 mmHg. It is considered clinically significant when it rises above 10 mmHg. At this threshold, complications from altered blood flow and venous congestion emerge.EtiologyPortal hypertension arises from conditions that impede blood flow through the liver. The most common cause is cirrhosis, in which chronic liver injury leads to fibrotic scarring. This fibrosis narrows or...
57
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

893
Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
893
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

906
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

2.4K
Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
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Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

49
Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to...
49
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
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COVID-19 and chronic liver disease: results from the 1219 patients French registry.

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Cholangiopathy in sickle cell disease.

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Cholangiopathy in critically ill patients surviving beyond the intensive care period: a multicentre survey in liver units.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Underwater Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy for Gastroesophageal Varices
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[Budd-Chiari syndrome].

A Plessier1

  • 1Centre de référence des maladies vasculaires du foie, service d'hépatologie, hôpital Beaujon, 100, boulevard du Général-Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, France.

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|November 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Budd-Chiari syndrome management has advanced with better imaging and JAK2 mutation testing. Modern treatments improve the 5-year survival rate for Budd-Chiari syndrome patients to over 80%.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Gastroenterology
  • Hematology and Thrombosis

Context:

  • Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) management has significantly evolved over the past decade.
  • Modern diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies are now standard for BCS.
  • A notable percentage of BCS patients (20-50%) have an underlying myeloproliferative disorder, often linked to the V617F JAK2 mutation.

Purpose:

  • To outline the contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for Budd-Chiari syndrome.
  • To emphasize the importance of investigating associated thrombotic disorders in BCS.
  • To report the improved survival rates achieved with current BCS management protocols.

Summary:

  • Current BCS management integrates advanced imaging for diagnosis and identifies myeloproliferative disorders via V617F JAK2 mutation analysis.
Keywords:
Budd-Chiari syndromeMyeloproliferative disordersSyndrome de Budd-ChiariSyndrome myéloprolifératifThrombophilieThrombotic disorders

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  • A comprehensive work-up for thrombotic disorders is crucial due to their common association with BCS.
  • Treatment strategies include anticoagulation, addressing underlying causes, recanalization, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS), and liver transplantation.

    • Impact:

    • The contemporary management of Budd-Chiari syndrome has dramatically improved patient outcomes.
    • The 5-year survival rate for BCS patients treated with modern approaches exceeds 80%.
    • Expert-performed ultrasonography, guided by clinical suspicion, remains a key diagnostic step.