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Related Concept Videos

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Cf-PWV to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
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Arterial stiffness parameters: how do they differ?

Peter Wohlfahrt1, Alena Krajčoviechová, Jitka Seidlerová

  • 1Center for Cardiovascular Prevention of the First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Preventive Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, St Ann's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.

Atherosclerosis
|November 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Arterial stiffness parameters like carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and stiffness index beta (BETA) were compared. BETA showed a stronger association with coronary heart disease, suggesting improved cardiovascular risk prediction.

Keywords:
Arterial stiffnessCardiovascular diseasePulse wave velocityTarget organ damage

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular physiology
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Public health

Background:

  • Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a key indicator of aortic stiffness and cardiovascular risk.
  • Arterial stiffness parameters, including those combining aortic and muscular stiffness or derived from PWV (stiffness index beta), are increasingly utilized.
  • Comparing these diverse arterial stiffness measures in a general population is crucial for understanding their clinical utility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the associations of carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV), carotid-ankle PWV (caPWV), and stiffness index beta (BETA) with cardiovascular risk factors.
  • To evaluate the relationship of these parameters with subclinical organ damage and manifest cardiovascular disease.
  • To determine the potential of different arterial stiffness parameters in cardiovascular risk prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 809 individuals in the Czech post-MONICA study.
  • Comparison of associations between cfPWV, caPWV, BETA, and cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, glomerular filtration rate).
  • Assessment of relationships with subclinical organ damage (Sokolow-Lyon index) and manifest cardiovascular disease, particularly coronary heart disease.

Main Results:

  • Both cfPWV and caPWV showed similar associations with blood pressure and glucose levels.
  • cfPWV was more strongly associated with age, cholesterol, and glomerular filtration rate, while caPWV correlated more with the Sokolow-Lyon index.
  • BETA, derived from PWV, demonstrated less dependence on blood pressure and a stronger association with coronary heart disease presence compared to cfPWV and caPWV.

Conclusions:

  • Incorporating lower extremity stiffness alongside aortic stiffness influences associations with cardiovascular risk factors but not with manifest cardiovascular disease.
  • The beta transformation of PWV reduces its blood pressure dependency.
  • Stiffness index beta may enhance the predictive power of arterial stiffness parameters for cardiovascular risk.