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Updated: May 5, 2026

Detecting the Ligand-binding Domain Dimerization Activity of Estrogen Receptor Alpha Using the Mammalian Two-Hybrid Assay
Published on: December 19, 2018
Enhanced estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) selectivity of fluorinated carborane-containing ER modulators
Kiminori Ohta1, Takumi Ogawa, Asako Kaise
1Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan.
Abstract:
We previously showed that fluorination of the carborane-containing selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) BE360 altered the agonist/antagonist activity balance and the estrogen receptor (ER) α/β subtype selectivity. Here, we designed and synthesized a series of fluorinated carboranyl phenols as candidate ERβ-selective ligands. Introduction of a fluorine atom onto the carborane cage commonly reduced the binding affinity for ERα, to an extent that depended on the other substituents present. The B-fluorinated m-carboranyl phenol 4a showed fourfold more potent ERβ-binding affinity than the parent non-fluorinated compound 7. 1-Iodo-9-fluoro-m-carboranyl phenol 4f showed high ERβ-binding affinity with an ERβ/ERα selectivity ratio of 8.2. Among the compounds tested, 6 showed the highest ERβ selectivity (10.1-fold) and the highest ER-agonistic activity (EC50: 5.1×10(-10) M) in MCF-7 cell proliferation assay.
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