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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Related Experiment Video

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A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools
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MicroRNA and noncoding RNA-related data sources.

Patrizio Arrigo1

  • 1CNR ISMAC U.O.S of Genoa, Genova, Italy.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|November 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study reviews curated databases for noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), focusing on microRNAs (miRNAs). It highlights resources for understanding miRNA functions and predicting their gene targets.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial regulators of genetic and metabolic processes.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a key class of ncRNAs involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing.
  • The study of miRNA structure and function is known as mirnomics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of accessible information on ncRNAs and miRNAs.
  • To consolidate knowledge from curated databases.
  • To highlight resources for miRNA target prediction and functional analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific databases.
  • Analysis of information on ncRNA and miRNA databases.
  • Identification of databases with integrated analytical tools.

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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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Main Results:

  • Several curated databases offer extensive information on ncRNAs and miRNAs.
  • These databases often include tools for predicting miRNA targets.
  • Resources are available for identifying miRNAs that regulate specific protein expression.

Conclusions:

  • Curated databases are valuable resources for mirnomics research.
  • Accessible data facilitates the study of ncRNA and miRNA functions.
  • These resources support advancements in understanding gene regulation.