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Shape-memory starch for resorbable biomedical devices.

A Beilvert1, F Chaubet, L Chaunier

  • 1INRA, UR1268, Unité Biopolymères Interactions et Assemblages, rue de la géraudière, 44300 Nantes, France.

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|November 27, 2013
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Summary

Potato starch with glycerol forms shape-memory resorbable materials that recover shape at body temperature. These biodegradable materials show promise for innovative surgical devices with minimal tissue response.

Keywords:
BiomaterialDMAExtrusionIn vivo implantationRHSMPShape-memoryStarchT(Trans)Tgdynamic mechanical analysisglass transition temperaturerelative humidityshape-memory polymerstransition temperaturewbwet basis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Engineering

Background:

  • Developing biodegradable shape-memory polymers is crucial for advanced medical devices.
  • Natural polymers offer sustainable alternatives to synthetic materials for biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the shape-memory properties and biodegradability of potato starch-based materials.
  • To assess the potential of these starch-based materials for use in less-invasive surgical devices.

Main Methods:

  • Extrusion-cooking of potato starch with 20% glycerol.
  • Characterization of shape-memory recovery (recovery ratio) triggered at 37°C.
  • Mechanical property evaluation (modulus) after water immersion and sterilization.
  • Molecular mass analysis using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering (AFFFF-MALLS).
  • In vivo assessment of tissue integration in a rat model.

Main Results:

  • Starch-glycerol materials exhibited efficient shape-memory with a recovery ratio exceeding 90%.
  • Shape recovery was triggered effectively at 37°C in water.
  • The material's modulus decreased significantly post-immersion but remained stable for 21 days.
  • Gamma-ray sterilization minimally impacted mechanical properties despite reducing molecular mass.
  • Implanted samples showed good tissue integration and low inflammatory response.

Conclusions:

  • Natural starch, without chemical modification, can be processed into effective shape-memory resorbable materials.
  • These materials demonstrate suitable properties for biodegradable medical devices, particularly for less-invasive surgery.
  • Starch-based shape-memory materials present a viable alternative to synthetic polymers in biomedical engineering.