Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

OLT1177 (Dapansutrile) inhibits Gasdermin D-dependent IL-1β Release and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Reduced CCL/Be-specific CD4+ T cells in CCL3-deficient or peptide-MHC II CAR-T cell-treated mice.

JCI insight·2026

Same author

Clinically advanced NLRP3 inhibitor modulates microglial transcriptome and alleviates α-synuclein-induced progression of parkinsonism.

Journal of neuroinflammation·2026

Same author

Human Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Suppresses Melanoma Growth by Promoting Tumor Differentiation and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-Cell-Mediated Immunity.

Biomolecules·2026

Same author

A Functional Polymorphism in IL-36β Modulates Macrophage Antifungal Effector Functions and Increases Susceptibility to Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2025

Same author

Inflammation Promotes Aging-Associated Oncogenesis in the Lung.

Aging and cancer·2025

Same journal

Myeloid cells as sources and targets of IL-1 family cytokines in cancer.

Seminars in immunology·2026

Same journal

Interleukin-1-mediated inflammatory memory: Protective training or maladaptive tumor imprinting?

Seminars in immunology·2026

Same journal

Chronic stress at the crossroads: Decoding the HPA-SAM-immune-gut axis in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis and therapeutics.

Seminars in immunology·2026

Same journal

Protein tyrosine kinases in dendritic cell-mediated anti-cancer immunity.

Seminars in immunology·2026

Same journal

The immune system in Latin America and the Caribbean: Insights into diseases and diversity from local perspectives.

Seminars in immunology·2026

Same journal

Introduction to the special issue: T<sub>H</sub>9 cells in diseases.

Seminars in immunology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model

Published on: March 3, 2023

Interleukin-37.

Charles A Dinarello¹, Philip Bufler²

¹Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Seminars in Immunology

|November 27, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Interleukin-37 (IL-37) acts as a crucial anti-inflammatory cytokine. Studies show IL-37 suppresses inflammatory responses in various models, highlighting its therapeutic potential.

More Related Videos

Detection and Isolation of Viable Mouse IL-17-Secreting T Cells

Detection and Isolation of Viable Mouse IL-17-Secreting T Cells

Published on: December 18, 2008

Development of an Insert Co-culture System of Two Cellular Types in the Absence of Cell-Cell Contact

Development of an Insert Co-culture System of Two Cellular Types in the Absence of Cell-Cell Contact

Published on: July 17, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model

Published on: March 3, 2023

Detection and Isolation of Viable Mouse IL-17-Secreting T Cells

Detection and Isolation of Viable Mouse IL-17-Secreting T Cells

Published on: December 18, 2008

Development of an Insert Co-culture System of Two Cellular Types in the Absence of Cell-Cell Contact

Development of an Insert Co-culture System of Two Cellular Types in the Absence of Cell-Cell Contact

Published on: July 17, 2016

Area of Science:

Immunology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Interleukin-37 (IL-37), previously known as IL-1 family member 7, was identified through in silico analysis of human genetic databases.
Despite the absence of a murine homologue, human IL-37 exhibits functionality in mice.
IL-37, like other IL-1 family members, lacks a signal peptide and its nuclear localization, potentially mediated by SMAD3, suggests transcriptional functions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the anti-inflammatory role of Interleukin-37 (IL-37).
To explore the mechanisms underlying IL-37's function in regulating inflammatory responses.
To assess the therapeutic potential of IL-37 in various inflammatory conditions.

Main Methods:

In silico identification and characterization of IL-37.
Functional studies in mouse models and human monocytes.
Utilized small interfering RNA (siRNA) for gene silencing studies in the absence of a murine IL-37 gene.
Investigated IL-37's interaction with the IL-18 receptor alpha chain.

Main Results:

Human IL-37 is functional in mice and translocates to the nucleus, potentially involving SMAD3.
IL-37 precursor binds to the IL-18 receptor alpha chain, leading to reduced inflammation.
Depletion of IL-37 in human monocytes resulted in a 2-3 fold increase in LPS and IL-1β induced cytokines.
Mice expressing human IL-37 demonstrated reduced inflammation in models of LPS shock, chemical colitis, cardiac ischemia, and contact dermatitis.

Conclusions:

Endogenous IL-37 acts as a natural brake on inflammatory processes.
IL-37 exhibits significant anti-inflammatory effects across multiple disease models.
IL-37 represents a promising target for the development of novel anti-inflammatory therapies.