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Updated: May 5, 2026

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Preventing cigarette smoking with youth.

S P Schinke1, L D Gilchrist

  • 1, .

The Journal of Primary Prevention
|November 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Skills-building programs effectively prevent adolescent smoking by improving cognitive and interpersonal skills. These programs showed better long-term results in reducing smoking rates compared to attitude modification approaches.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Adolescent Health
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Adolescent smoking remains a significant public health concern.
  • Effective prevention strategies are crucial for reducing smoking initiation and prevalence in young people.
  • Previous interventions have focused on attitude modification, with varying success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of skills-building versus attitude modification interventions for preventing cigarette smoking in sixth graders.
  • To assess the impact of these interventions on cognitive and interpersonal precursors of nonsmoking.
  • To evaluate the long-term effects of the interventions on reported cigarette use.

Main Methods:

  • A repeated measures, control group design was employed with 234 sixth-grade students.

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  • Participants were assigned to either a skills-building condition, an attitude modification condition, or a control condition.
  • Data on cognitive/interpersonal precursors and cigarette use were collected at multiple time points (pretest, posttest, 6 months, 12 months).

    • Main Results:

    • Skills-building participants demonstrated superior posttest scores in cognitive and interpersonal precursors of nonsmoking compared to other groups.
    • Attitude modification participants showed greater initial reductions in cigarette use from pretest to posttest.
    • Skills-building participants reported lower increases in cigarette use from posttest to 12 months compared to attitude modification and control groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Skills-building interventions are more effective than attitude modification for establishing long-term nonsmoking behaviors in adolescents.
    • Targeting cognitive and interpersonal skills is a promising strategy for adolescent smoking prevention.
    • Continued monitoring is essential to understand the sustained impact of prevention programs.