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Upconversion detection near 2 μm at the single photon level.

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    We demonstrated single photon detection in the 2 μm window using a PPLN waveguide and VBG. This novel upconversion detector achieves 10% efficiency, suitable for gas monitoring and quantum communication.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Quantum Optics

    Background:

    • Single photon detection is crucial for various advanced technologies.
    • The 2 μm spectral window offers unique advantages for specific applications.
    • Existing 2 μm single photon detectors face challenges in efficiency and noise.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate a high-performance single photon detector operating in the 2 μm spectral window.
    • To utilize upconversion technology for enhanced detection capabilities.
    • To assess the detector's performance against existing technologies.

    Main Methods:

    • Employed a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide for upconversion.
    • Utilized a pump wavelength near 1550 nm for excitation.
    • Incorporated a volume Bragg grating (VBG) to suppress noise.
    • Achieved single photon level detection.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated upconversion detection at the single photon level in the 2 μm spectral window.
    • Achieved a system photon detection efficiency of 10%.
    • Recorded a noise count rate of 24,500 counts per second, competitive with existing technologies.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed upconversion detector offers competitive performance for 2 μm single photon detection.
    • The technology shows significant potential for applications in environmental gas monitoring.
    • The detector is also promising for life science research and classical/quantum communication systems.