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Related Concept Videos

The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

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Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating...
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Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution01:20

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The kidneys concentrate or dilute urine to maintain water and electrolyte balance. Nephrons, particularly the loop of Henle, play a crucial role in this process through the countercurrent multiplication system. This system establishes a high osmolarity in the renal medulla, which is essential for water reabsorption. In the loop of Henle’s descending limb, water is reabsorbed into the surrounding medulla due to its permeability to water. In contrast, the ascending limb actively transports...
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Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

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Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
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Physiology of Urine Formation01:24

Physiology of Urine Formation

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Urine formation is an essential function of the human body. It plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating the volume and composition of body fluids. The kidneys, the primary organs involved in this process, filter blood to remove waste products and excess substances, ultimately producing urine.
Glomerular Filtration
The first stage in urine formation is glomerular filtration. Each kidney contains approximately 1 million nephrons, the functional units of filtration, with a...
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Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

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Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
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Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models
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[Micturition and cognition].

T Thubert1, M Jousse, X Deffieux

  • 1Service de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, AP-HP, 157, rue de la Porte-de-Trivaux, 92140 Clamart, France; GREEN, groupe de recherche clinique en neuro-urologie, GRCUPMC01, 75020 Paris, France; Service de neuro-urologie et explorations périnéales, hôpital Tenon, groupe hospitalier EST, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France.

Progres En Urologie : Journal De L'Association Francaise D'Urologie Et De La Societe Francaise D'Urologie
|November 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urinary incontinence may stem from altered brain activity in areas controlling cognition and bladder function. Understanding this link can lead to better treatments for incontinence and related conditions.

Keywords:
Brain factorCognitionCognitive therapyFacteur cognitifIncontinence urinaireNeuroimagerieNeuroimagingThérapie cognitiveUrgeUrgenturieUrinary continence

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Urology

Context:

  • Urinary incontinence (urge or stress) lacks a single identified cause.
  • Cognitive function is emerging as a key factor in voiding and continence research.

Purpose:

  • To explore the relationship between cognitive function and the physiopathology of urinary continence.
  • To investigate the role of the cortex and sub-cortex in urinary incontinence.

Summary:

  • A literature review identified 72 articles linking micturition and cognition.
  • Neuroimaging reveals connections between brain areas (periaqueductal gray, hypothalamus, insula, anterior cingulate cortex, prefrontal cortex) involved in bladder control and cognition.
  • Altered urinary continence correlates with modified activation in these cortical areas.

Impact:

  • Improved understanding of the cognitive aspects of micturition and continence.
  • Potential for enhanced therapeutic strategies for urinary incontinence and associated diseases.