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A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

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StimSync: open-source hardware for behavioral and MRI experiments.

Christopher Rorden¹, Taylor Hanayik¹

¹Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 290208, USA; McCausland Center for Brain Imaging, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 290208, USA.

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

|November 30, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

StimSync offers an open-source solution for precise control and validation in neuroscience experiments, outperforming existing professional tools with minimal latency for stimulus presentation and response recording.

Keywords:

Custom response device Human and animal responses Magnetic resonance imaging Motor-evoked potential Open source hardware Stimulus synchronization

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Experimental Psychology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Traditional neuroscience experiments often use standard equipment like screens and keyboards.
These devices are unsuitable for specialized stimuli (tactile, olfactory, brain stimulation) or specific response methods (vocal, animal, impaired individuals).

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce StimSync, an open-source hardware solution for precise control and validation in neuroscience experiments.
To overcome limitations of standard equipment in stimulus presentation and response recording.

Main Methods:

StimSync simulates USB keyboard inputs for compatibility with most experimental software.
It measures various inputs including button presses, MRI optical signals, ambient light changes, and auditory events (voice key).
Features include high-precision timing modes for event synchronization and seven digital outputs for device control, plus analog input recording.

Main Results:

StimSync demonstrated a mean output latency of 2.1ms (sd=0.17ms).
Mean USB input latency was measured at 2ms (sd=0.54ms).

Conclusions:

StimSync offers statistically superior performance compared to two professional solutions.
It numerically outperforms other reported devices for neuroscience experimental control.
Provides an accessible, open-source platform for controlling and validating experiments, with available hardware demonstrations.