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NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
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Supercontinuum spatial modulation spectroscopy: detection and noise limitations.

M P McDonald1, F Vietmeyer, D Aleksiuk

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|December 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Supercontinuum spatial modulation spectroscopy enables single-particle extinction spectroscopy from 420-1100 nm. This technique successfully characterized individual gold nanoparticles and single-walled carbon nanotubes, demonstrating its broad applicability.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanophotonics and Spectroscopy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Single-molecule/particle spectroscopy is crucial for understanding nanoscale phenomena.
  • Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are model systems with well-defined optical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and benchmark supercontinuum spatial modulation spectroscopy for single particle extinction measurements.
  • To demonstrate the technique's applicability to various nanomaterials, including Au NPs, SWCNTs, and CdSe nanowires.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized supercontinuum spatial modulation spectroscopy across the visible and near-infrared spectrum (420-1100 nm).
  • Measured extinction spectra of individual Au nanoparticles (8-40 nm diameter) and individual SWCNTs ((8,3) and (6,5) chiralities).
  • Determined extinction cross sections and signal-to-noise ratios for analyzed nanoparticles and nanotubes.

Main Results:

  • Resolved extinction spectra for individual Au NPs with cross sections from 1 × 10⁻¹³ to 1 × 10⁻¹¹ cm², achieving signal-to-noise ratios up to ~1400.
  • Established a limit of detection of 4.3 × 10⁻¹⁴ cm² (4.3 nm²) for the technique.
  • Acquired the first reported extinction spectra for individual (8,3) and (6,5) SWCNTs, observing E11 and E22 excitonic resonances.

Conclusions:

  • Supercontinuum spatial modulation spectroscopy is a versatile and sensitive tool for single particle extinction spectroscopy.
  • The technique provides valuable optical characterization of individual nanoparticles and nanotubes, enabling detailed analysis of their electronic and plasmonic properties.