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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

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Sex differences in social perception in children with ASD.

M C Coffman¹, L C Anderson, A J Naples

¹Yale Child Study Center, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

|December 3, 2013

Summary

Females with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show different brain responses to faces compared to males. These differences in face perception correlate with symptom severity in females, impacting social function.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Genetics

Background:

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects males more frequently than females.
Limited research exists on sex-based differences in social functioning within ASD.
Face perception is crucial for social interaction and may reveal sex-based variations in ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate sex differences in neural responses during face perception in children with ASD.
To explore the relationship between face perception neural correlates and social functioning in males and females with ASD.

Main Methods:

Recorded electrophysiological brain activity (event-related potentials - ERPs) in children with ASD.
Analyzed ERPs during the viewing of faces, inverted faces, and houses.
Correlated neural responses, specifically the N170 component, with ASD symptom severity and social function measures.

Main Results:

Females with ASD exhibited an attenuated N170 response compared to males.
Atypical face processing (N170) in females, but not males, was linked to higher ASD symptom severity.
Sex differences in neural face perception correlated with social information processing deficits.

Conclusions:

Neural correlates of face perception differ between males and females with ASD.
These sex-based differences in neural processing are associated with social functioning deficits, particularly in females.
Future ASD treatments should consider these sex-specific clinical presentations and neural phenotypes.