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Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...

Appendicitis

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...

Large Intestine

Large Intestine

The large intestine is divided into three main regions: the cecum, colon, and rectum. Extending from the ileocecal valve to the anus, it frames the small intestine on three sides.
The ileocecal sphincter, a mucous membrane fold, guards the opening from the ileum to the large intestine. This valve permits material from the small intestine to pass into the large intestine. Attached to the ileocecal valve is the cecum. This small pouch, approximately 6 cm long, has a twisted, coiled tube known as...

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?

Published on: June 6, 2020

Cecal volvulus.

Mustafa Hasbahceci¹, Fatih Basak, Orhan Alimoglu

¹Department of General Surgery, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Adem Yavuz Str, 34766 Umraniye, Istanbul Turkey.

The Indian Journal of Surgery

|December 3, 2013

Summary

Cecal volvulus, a rare cause of bowel obstruction, involves twisting of the cecum. Diagnosis is challenging, but computerized tomography aids in identifying this condition, with surgical resection being the recommended treatment.

Keywords:

Cecum Diagnosis Intestinal obstruction Intestinal volvulus Surgery

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Last Updated: May 5, 2026

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Published on: May 7, 2011

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Abdominal Surgery
Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

Volvulus, a twisting of the bowel, commonly affects the sigmoid colon and cecum.
Cecal volvulus is an uncommon cause of acute intestinal obstruction, characterized by axial twisting of the cecum, ascending colon, and terminal ileum.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and surgical treatment of cecal volvulus.
To highlight the challenges in preoperative diagnosis due to rarity and nonspecific symptoms.

Main Methods:

Review of literature on cecal volvulus.
Analysis of diagnostic modalities including abdominal radiographs and computerized tomography (CT).
Discussion of surgical management strategies.

Main Results:

Cecal volvulus presentation varies widely, from intermittent pain to acute abdominal catastrophe.
Abdominal radiographs detect cecal volvulus in approximately 50% of cases.
Computerized tomography offers higher accuracy for diagnosis and differentiation from other emergent conditions.

Conclusions:

Preoperative diagnosis of cecal volvulus is infrequent due to its rarity and nonspecific presentation.
Computerized tomography is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
Surgical treatment typically involves resection with right hemicolectomy and primary ileocolic anastomosis.