[Potential for diagnosis in preeclampsia]

Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized with hypertension and proteinuria after 20 gestational weeks and is the major reason for maternal and fetal mortality during pregnancy. Etiology of PE is still unclear. Cliniical manifestation is connected to high levels of circulated anti-angiogenic proteins such as soluble Fms-,like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) and soluble endolgin (sEng). Furthermore PE leads to low serum levels of Placental growth factor (PIGF). The change of these serum levels appears before clinical manifestation, which makes them useful for screening of pregnant women with high risk of PE. This opportunity for prediction of PE would significantly lower the mortality caused by PE. We measure serum sFlt-1 and PIGF levels in pregnant women with normal and pathological pregnancy, including gestational and chronic hypertension without PE. Population included 40 pregnant women during a period of two years. Comparison between the groups was made with parametric Student's test. A level of p < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Ten women were with PE. Fifteen pregnant women were with chronic kidney disease without hypertension. Fifteen pregnant women were with normal pregnancy (control group). Serum sFlt-1 and PIGF levels showed significant differences in pregnant women with PE compared to control group and CKD patients: a) for sFlt-1--in PE (4971.25 pg/ml) and normal pregnancy (3125.53 pg/ml)--p < 0.005 or CKD (3145.80 pg/ml)--p = 0.0032 and b) for PIGF--in PE (206.63 pg/ml) and normal pregnancy (667.87 pg/ml)--p = 0.0011 or CKD (643.13 pg/ml)--p = 0.003. Our study shows that angiogenic factors may aid in differentiating between PE caused by angiogenic imbalance and by renal function worsening.