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Preparation and Characterization of SDF-1α-Chitosan-Dextran Sulfate Nanoparticles
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Chitosan-based polyelectrolyte complexes as potential nanoparticulate carriers: physicochemical and biological
Thiruganesh Ramasamy1, Tuan Hiep Tran, Hyuk Jun Cho
1College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 214-1, Dae-dong, Gyeongsan, 712-749, South Korea.
Pharmaceutical Research
|December 4, 2013
Summary
Chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) were formulated with different polyelectrolytes to deliver doxorubicin (DOX). The nanoparticle design significantly influenced drug release, cellular uptake, and pharmacokinetic profiles, showing potential for cancer therapy.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
Background:
- Chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) are promising drug delivery vehicles.
- Polyelectrolytes play a crucial role in nanoparticle formulation and properties.
- Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used anticancer drug with limitations in delivery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of polyelectrolytes on the formation and physicochemical characteristics of CS-NPs for doxorubicin (DOX) delivery.
- To evaluate how different polyelectrolyte coatings affect the drug release kinetics and biological performance of DOX-loaded CS-NPs.
Main Methods:
- Formulation of three types of DOX-loaded CS-NPs using tripolyphosphate (CS-TP/DOX), dextran sulfate (CS-DS/DOX), and hyaluronic acid (CS-HA/DOX) via ionotropic gelation or complex coacervation.
- Characterization of nanoparticle size, morphology (using transmission electron microscopy), and drug release profiles at physiological and acidic pH.
- Assessment of cellular uptake, cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and A-549 cancer cell lines, and pharmacokinetic parameters in vivo.
Main Results:
- CS-TP/DOX NPs exhibited the smallest size (~100 nm) with narrow distribution, while CS-DS/DOX and CS-HA/DOX NPs were larger (~200 nm).
- Sustained DOX release was observed from CS-DS/DOX NPs due to strong binding, whereas CS-HA/DOX NPs showed faster release, especially under acidic conditions.
- CS-HA/DOX NPs demonstrated superior cellular uptake and cytotoxicity, likely via CD44-mediated endocytosis, and all CS-NPs improved DOX plasma circulation time and reduced elimination rate.
Conclusions:
- Chitosan-based polyelectrolyte complexes offer a versatile platform for drug delivery systems.
- Nanoparticle design critically influences drug release, cellular interactions, and pharmacokinetic behavior.
- These findings highlight the significant potential of engineered CS-NPs in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications for cancer therapy.
