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Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

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Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Drug Concentrations: Measurements01:23

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Drug concentration is the quantity of a drug present in a biological sample. Measuring drug amounts in biological samples allows the clinician to understand how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted. Samples can be obtained through invasive or non-invasive methods. Invasive techniques involve surgical or parenteral interventions to gather blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or tissue biopsy. Conversely, non-invasive approaches provide samples like urine, feces, and saliva.
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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Drug Analysis Methods01:26

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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a clinical practice that measures specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to tailor drug therapy effectively. This monitoring is critical for managing drugs with narrow therapeutic indices like digoxin and phenytoin, ensuring they are both safe and effective. For instance, monitoring theophylline levels in asthma patients involves precision and sensitivity to adjust doses according to individual responses to therapy, ensuring efficacy and...
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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors01:29

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is the clinical practice of measuring specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to manage and optimize therapy. TDM is crucial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, like warfarin and phenytoin, where incorrect doses can lead to treatment failure or severe side effects. This monitoring ensures the dosage administered is within a safe and effective range. The factors affecting therapeutic drug monitoring include:Patient-Specific Factors:a.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Detection and Quantification of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide CGRP in Human Plasma Using a Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Detection and Quantification of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide CGRP in Human Plasma Using a Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

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[Procalcitonin: should it be measured systemically?].

Kim Luong Ba1, Stephan Harbarth, Sebastian Carballo

  • 1Service de médecine interne générale, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.

Revue Medicale Suisse
|December 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Procalcitonin (PCT) can guide antibiotic use in febrile patients, particularly for sepsis and respiratory infections. Low PCT levels (<0.25 microg) allow for safe discontinuation or withholding of antibiotics without impacting outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Procalcitonin (PCT) is an emerging biomarker for managing febrile patients.
  • Its utility in guiding antibiotic therapy is under active investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on using PCT for initiating or discontinuing antibiotic treatment.
  • To assess the role of PCT in various clinical scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Non-exhaustive literature review.
  • Analysis of studies evaluating PCT's impact on antibiotic decisions in febrile patients.

Main Results:

  • PCT is beneficial in respiratory infections and sepsis, with low levels (<0.25 microg) supporting antibiotic cessation.
  • Algorithms using PCT can safely reduce antibiotic use in these conditions.
  • Evidence is insufficient for routine PCT use in autoimmune diseases or postoperatively due to low sensitivity/specificity.

Conclusions:

  • PCT is a valuable tool for guiding antibiotic therapy in specific infections like sepsis and respiratory infections.
  • Its application in broader febrile patient populations or specific conditions requires further investigation.