[Designing special prosthesis "spacer"]

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering
• Oncology

Background:

• Malignant bone diseases affecting the femur, humerus, and tibia require innovative treatment strategies.
• Traditional prostheses may not adequately address the complex geometry and load-bearing requirements in these cases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the design and computer-aided manufacturing process for specialized "Spacer" endoprostheses.
• To enable precise surgical removal of diseased bone and accurate fitting of custom implants.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing diagnostic imaging (X-ray, CT, MRI) to create detailed 3D computer models of bone geometry.
• Translating 2D image pixels into 3D voxels for comprehensive geometric analysis.
• Developing specialized software for prosthesis design based on patient-specific bone dimensions and disease extent.

Main Results:

• The "Spacer" prosthesis design features proximal and distal components connected by screws, allowing linear load transfer without screw stress.
• Accurate determination of bone resection margins and medullary canal space for optimal implant integration.
• Computer modeling facilitates precise sizing and implementation of the custom endoprosthesis.

Conclusions:

• Custom "Spacer" endoprostheses, designed via advanced computer modeling, offer a viable solution for malignant bone tumor treatment.
• This approach ensures accurate implant fit, preserves bone structure, and facilitates load transfer, potentially improving functional recovery.