[Symptomatology and diagnosis of inferior vena cava dysplasias]

The authors analysed the results of examination and dynamic follow up (from 2003 to 2011) of twenty-one 15-to-55-year-old male patients presenting with hypoplasia or aplasia of the inferior vena cava. The diagnosis was verified by means of SCT- or MRT-phlebography. The disease was newly diagnosed at the age of 15-55 years (mean 25.9±2.6). The pathology manifested itself as a clinical course of thrombosis of deep veins of lower limbs in 16 (76.2%) patients and by oedema thereof in 5 (23.8%) subjects. Of the 16 patients with symptomatology of deep vein thrombosis, 13 patients had proximal (iliofemoral) thrombosis and 3 patients had distal thrombosis. In the overwhelming majority of the patients, the pathological process was localized on the right. All the patients after 1.5-12 months developed signs of impaired patency of the IVC. 1.5-2.5 years later, the course of chronic venous insufficiency was complicated by the development of trophic ulcers of the crus in eight (38.1%) patients. Congenital abnormalities of the IVC are encountered predominantly in males, remaining for a long time latent to be newly manifested in the young age by symptoms of deep vein thrombosis (more often by right-sided iliac-femoral thrombosis). Suspecting this pathology should be followed by extended examination using SCT- or MRT-phlebography.