Monitoring cerebral oxygenation during balloon occlusion with multichannel NIRS

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Medical Imaging
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Endovascular neuroradiologic interventions require monitoring cerebral blood flow.
• Temporary arterial occlusion can lead to critical perfusion changes and hypoxic brain damage.
• Noninvasive monitoring of brain oxygenation is crucial during these procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the utility of multichannel continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy (CW-NIRS) for monitoring brain oxygenation during endovascular interventions.
• To correlate CW-NIRS findings with cerebral perfusion changes assessed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA).
• To identify CW-NIRS as a potential early predictive marker for critical perfusion changes.

Main Methods:

• Noninvasive monitoring of oxygenation changes using multichannel CW-NIRS.
• Temporary balloon occlusion of cerebral arteries during endovascular neuroradiologic interventions.
• Correlation of CW-NIRS data with DSA findings for flow stagnation and collateral circulation.

Main Results:

• CW-NIRS successfully recorded oxygenation changes during arterial occlusion.
• Maximal CW-NIRS response localized to core or watershed areas, correlating with occlusion site (middle cerebral artery or internal carotid artery).
• Asymmetric hemoglobin concentration changes observed in a patient with insufficient collateral flow.

Conclusions:

• Multichannel CW-NIRS can noninvasively monitor brain oxygenation during endovascular interventions.
• CW-NIRS may serve as an early predictive marker for critical perfusion changes, potentially preventing hypoxic brain damage.
• Findings provide valuable human reference data on oxygenation changes during acute stroke conditions.