Comparative proteomic profiling during ovarian development of the shrimp Metapenaeus ensis

Two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were used to identify proteins that are differentially expressed during ovarian maturation in Metapenaeus ensis. 87 spots with consistently significant quantitative differences (≥ 1.5-fold for vol%) among stage I, III and V ovaries were chosen for MS/MS analysis. 45 spots were significantly matched to known proteins in the database (Mascot score >40). Half of them were down-regulated, in contrast to 9 out of 45 proteins that were up-regulated as ovarian maturation proceeded. Functionally, these identified proteins could be classified into five major groups, including cytoskeleton (11 %), metabolism (18 %), signal transduction (32 %), gene expression (14 %) and immune response (7 %). Among the differentially expressed reproduction-related proteins, the mRNA expression level of cellular retinoic acid/retinol binding protein in M. ensis (MeCRABP) during ovarian maturation was further characterized by quantitative real-time PCR. It was down-regulated during ovarian maturation. In situ hybridization further revealed that MeCRABP transcript was localized in ooplasm of previtellogenic oocytes but not in vitellogenic oocytes. These results demonstrate the application of proteomic analysis for identification of proteins involved in shrimp ovarian maturation and they provide new insights into ovarian development.