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Related Concept Videos

Neural Circuits01:25

Neural Circuits

3.0K
Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...
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Spinal Cord: Information Processing01:10

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The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
Sensory Information Processing
Sensory information processing begins at the sensory receptors located in the skin and other tissues, which detect somatic sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain. These receptors function as catalysts, initiating...
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Nervous Tissue: Neuron Types01:19

Nervous Tissue: Neuron Types

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Neurons, the fundamental units of the nervous system, can be classified based on both their structural and functional characteristics.
Structurally, neurons are categorized into three main types: multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar (or pseudounipolar). Multipolar neurons, which are the most common type in the brain and spinal cord, as well as all motor neurons, possess multiple dendrites and a single axon.
Bipolar neurons, on the other hand, have one primary dendrite and one axon. They are...
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Neurons: The Axon01:21

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Axons are long, cytoplasmic processes of nerve cells capable of propagating electrical impulses known as action potentials. The cytoplasm or axoplasm of an axon contains neurofibrils, neurotubules, small vesicles, lysosomes, mitochondria, and various enzymes, all encased within the axolemma, the plasma membrane of the axon.
The axon attaches to the cell body at a cone-shaped elevation called the axon hillock. The initial part of the axon, closest to the hillock, is known as the initial segment....
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Spinal Nerves: Anatomy01:23

Spinal Nerves: Anatomy

11.9K
Spinal nerves are pivotal conduits in the nervous system, bridging the central nervous system (CNS) with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These nerves enable a complex communication network between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body, facilitating sensory input, motor output, and autonomic functions.
There are 31 bilateral pairs of spinal nerves, each emerging from the spinal cord through the intervertebral foramina—openings between adjacent vertebrae. These nerves are...
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Neurons: The Cell Body and the Dendrites01:23

Neurons: The Cell Body and the Dendrites

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A typical nerve cell comprises three main components: the cell body, dendrites, and the axon. The cell body, also known as the soma or perikaryon, serves as the central biosynthetic hub housing a nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm containing organelles commonly found in most cells. Notably, Nissl bodies, clusters of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes responsible for protein synthesis, are distinctive features of the neuronal cell body. As neurons age, aggregates of a brown pigment...
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Related Experiment Video

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Double In Utero Electroporation to Target Temporally and Spatially Separated Cell Populations
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Cortical projection neurons: sprung from the same root.

Wenqi Han1, Nenad Sestan

  • 1Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.

Neuron
|December 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Neural progenitor cells in mice are multipotent, meaning they can generate various cell types. Fezf2-expressing radial glial cells sequentially produce cortical projection neuron subtypes and glia.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The developmental origin of cortical projection neurons (CPNs) remains incompletely understood.
  • Determining whether progenitor cells are multipotent or fate-restricted is crucial for understanding brain development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the multipotency of Fezf2-expressing radial glial cells in mouse cortical development.
  • To elucidate the sequential generation of CPN subtypes and glia by these progenitors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genetic lineage tracing in mouse models.
  • Analyzed the progeny of Fezf2-expressing radial glial cells during cortical development.

Main Results:

  • Provided evidence that Fezf2-expressing radial glial cells are multipotent progenitors.
  • Demonstrated the sequential generation of all major CPN subtypes and glia from these progenitors.

Conclusions:

  • Fezf2-expressing radial glial cells act as multipotent progenitors in the developing mouse cortex.
  • These findings clarify the cellular mechanisms underlying the diversity of cortical projection neurons and glia.