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Related Experiment Videos

Antigenic relationships among autonomous parvoviruses.

W L Mengeling, P S Paul, T O Bunn

    The Journal of General Virology
    |December 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Minute virus of mice (MVM) and related parvoviruses show antigenic relationships via immunofluorescence, but less so with serum neutralization. Canine parvovirus (CPV) and feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) were most closely related.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Immunology
    • Comparative Pathology

    Background:

    • Parvoviruses are small, non-enveloped viruses with single-stranded DNA genomes.
    • Several parvoviruses infect various animal species, including rodents, pigs, dogs, cats, geese, and cattle.
    • Understanding antigenic relatedness is crucial for diagnostics and vaccine development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the antigenic relatedness among nine different parvoviruses.
    • To compare the efficacy of immunofluorescence (FA) and serum neutralization (SN) assays in determining parvovirus antigenic relationships.

    Main Methods:

    • Immunofluorescence microscopy (FA) was used to detect viral antigens.
    • Serum neutralization (SN) assays were performed to assess the ability of antisera to neutralize viral infectivity.
    • Nine parvoviruses were tested: minute virus of mice (MVM), Kilham rat virus (KR), H-1 virus (H-1), haemorrhagic encephalopathy of rats virus (HER), porcine parvovirus (PPV), canine parvovirus (CPV), feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), goose parvovirus (GPV), and bovine parvovirus (BPV).

    Main Results:

    • FA identified an antigenically related group including MVM, KR, HER, PPV, CPV, and FPV, with mostly reciprocal reactions.
    • SN assays showed less extensive antigenic relatedness; only CPV and FPV were closely and reciprocally related.
    • Minor cross-neutralization was observed between pig anti-PPV serum and CPV/FPV, and rat anti-KR serum and H-1/HER.
    • Bovine parvovirus (BPV) and goose parvovirus (GPV) showed no antigenic relationship with each other or any other tested viruses by either method.

    Conclusions:

    • Immunofluorescence is a more sensitive method than serum neutralization for detecting broader antigenic relationships among these parvoviruses.
    • A distinct antigenic group exists within the tested parvoviruses, excluding BPV and GPV.
    • Canine parvovirus and feline panleukopenia virus represent a closely related pair within this group.

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